Morphology is the most important part of the Circassian grammar. Morphological structure of Circassian words is very peculiar. A Circassian word, besides that it has its own lexical meaning, sometimes, by the set of morphemes it is build of and by their aggregate grammatical meanings, can reproduce a sentence. For example, a verb by its set of morphemes can express subject's and object's person, place, time, manner of action, negative, and other types of grammatical categories. It can be easily confirmed by any verb. For example: къыпфэсхьыщтэ́п "I will not bring anything for you" consists of these morphemes: къы-п-фэ-с-хьы-щт-э́п – which have these literal meanings "from there (къы) you (п) for you (фэ) I (с) bring (хьы) will (attribute of the future tense - щт) not (эп)".

In the Circassian language there are several (traditionally set) parts of speech:

• noun,
• adjective,
• numeral,
• pronoun,
• verb,
• adverb,
• postposition,
• conjunction,
• particle.

Some parts of speech in the Circassian language have their specific grammatical categories, which makes the language a little more specific. For example, categories of definite and indefinite nouns in switching their cases, versions, causativity and others.

In the Circassian language noun and verb are recognized to be the main and the most important parts of speech, that is why they are described more detailed.